Epizoanthus couchii (Johnston in Couch, 1844)

Identifying features

• Colonial habit, polyps usually arising from a narrow basal band.
• 24-32 tentacles, transparent with white tip.

Conservation Status

Synonyms

Palythoa couchi Fischer, 1874
Sidisia barleei Gray, 1858
Sidisia couchii (Johnston in Couch, 1844)
Zoanthus couchii Johnston in Couch, 1844

International References

additional source Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. [details]

basis of record van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 106-109 [details]

additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]

additional source Robins, M.W., 1969. The marine flora and fauna of the Isles of Scilly.Cnidaria e Ctenophora. J. nat. Hist. 3 : 329-343. [details]

additional source Teissier, G., 1950. Inventaire de la faune marine de Roscoff. Cnidaires et cténaires. Trav. biol. Roscoff. n. ser. suppl. 1: 1-43. [details]

additional source Ryland, J.S., Brasseur M.M., Lancaster J.E., 2004. Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study of Acrozoanthus australiae (Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea). Journal of Natural History 38 : 1193-1223. [details]

additional source Reimer JD, Sinniger F, Fujiwara Y, Hirano S, Maruyama T. 2007. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Abyssoanthus nankaiensis, a new family, new genus and new species of deep-sea zoanthid (Anthozoa:Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) from a north-west Pacific methane cold seep [details]

additional source Reimer, J.D.; Sinniger, F. (2010). Unexpected diversity in Canadian Pacific zoanthids (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): a molecular examination and description of a new species from the waters of British Columbia. Mar. Biodiv., 40(4): 249-260. [details]

additional source Haddon, A. and Shackleton, A. (1891). A revision of the British actiniæ. Part II.: The Zoantheæ. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 4 (12): 609-672. [details]

additional source Walton, C.L. (1908). Notes on some Sagartiidae and Zoanthidae from Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 8: 207-214. [details]

additional source Duerden, J. E. (1898). Jamaican Actiniaria. Part I. Zoantheae. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 6, 329–384. [details]

additional source Manuel, R. L. (1981). British Anthozoa. London: Academic Press. 241 pp. (Synopses of the British Fauna). [details]

additional source Ryland, J. S. et al. (2000). Semper’s (zoanthid) larvae: pelagic life, parentage and other problems. Hydrobiologia, 440: 191-198 [details]

additional source Cornelius, P. F. S.; Manuel, R. L.; Ryland, J. S. (1995). Hydroids, sea anemones, jellyfish, and comb jellies (Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora). Oxford University Press. Oxford., chapter 4, edition 2nd, pp. 800 [details]

additional source Schmidt, H. (1972). Die Nesselkapseln der Anthozoen und ihre Bedeutung fur die phylogenetische Systematik. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 23, 422-458 [details]

additional source Pax, F. (1934). Anthozoa (Teil I. Allgemeines, Ceriantharia, Antipatharia, Zoantharia, Madreporaria). Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostee, 26, 39-53 [details]

additional source Walsh, G. E. (1967). An Annotated Bibliography of the Families Zoanthidae, Epizoanthidae, and Parazoanthidae (Coelenterata, Zoantharia). Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology. Honolulu., pp. 77. [details]

additional source Hayward, P. J.; Nelson-Smith, T.; Shields, C. (1986). Collins Pocket Guide. Sea Shore of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins. London., pp. 352. [details]

additional source Ryland, J. S. (2000). Reproduction in British zoanthids, and an unusual process in Parazoanthus anguicomus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80, 943-944 [details]

additional source Ryland, J. S. (1997). Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 31(1-3): 177-188 [details]

additional source Ocaña, O.; Brito, A.; Núñez, J.; Bacallado, J. J. (1995). Redescripción de Gerardia savaglia (Bertoloni, 1819) (Anthozoa: Zoantharia: Gerardiidae). Vieraea, 24, 153-164 [details]

additional source Schmidt, H. (1974). On evolution in the Anthozoa. Proceedings of the Second International Coral Reef Symposium, 1, 533-560 [details]

additional source Teissier, G. (1965). Inventaire de la faune marine de Roscoff. Station Biologique de Roscoff. Roscoff., pp. 62. [details]

additional source Boscolo, H. K.; Silveira, F. L. (2005). Reproductive biology of Palythoa caribaeorum and Protopalythoa variabilis (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Zoanthidea) from the southeastern coast of Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 65, 1, 29-41 [details]

context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. [details]

additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. 627 pp. [details]