Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776)

Geographic distribution

This species is circumglobally distributed in tropical and subtropical zones. In the eastern Atlantic it is known from Scandinavia, the Mediterranean Sea, and along West Africa to South Africa.

Habitat

This marine, pelagic-oceanic species occurs in subtropical waters between depths of 1 and 140 m (Mundy 2005). It feeds on planktonic crustaceans (Heemstra 1986). Maximum total length is 100 cm (Claro 1994).

Identity confusions:

Conservation Status

Synonyms

Cephalus cocherani Traill, 1832
Cephalus elongatus Risso, 1827
Cephalus oblongus Shaw, 1804
Cephalus varius Shaw, 1804
Diodon dimidiatus Walbaum, 1792
Mola planci Nardo, 1827
Orthragoriscus battarae Ranzani, 1839
Orthragoriscus oblongus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Orthragoriscus solaris Gronow, 1854
Orthragoriscus truncatus (Retzius, 1785)
Orthragus oblongus Rafinesque, 1810
Ostracion boops Richardson, 1845
Ostracion laevis Pennant, 1776
Ranzania makua Jenkins, 1895
Ranzania truncata (Retzius, 1785)
Ranzania typus Nardo, 1840
Tetraodon truncatus Retzius, 1785
Tetrodon truncatus Retzius, 1785

International References

Liu, J., Zapfe, G., Shao, K.-T., Leis, J.L., Matsuura, K., Hardy, G., Liu, M., Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. 2015. Ranzania laevis (errata version published in 2016). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T193615A97668925. Downloaded on 13 November 2018.

additional source Wheeler, A. (1992). A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(Suppl. A): 1-37 [details]

additional source Pennant, T. 1776. British zoology. 4th Edition. London., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6521 [details]

additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2018). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. , available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details]

basis of record van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 [details]

additional source King, C.M.; Roberts, C.D.; Bell, B.D.; Fordyce, R.E.; Nicoll, R.S.; Worthy, T.H.; Paulin, C.D.; Hitchmough, R.A.; Keyes, I.W.; Baker, A.N.; Stewart, A.L.; Hiller, N.; McDowall, R.M.; Holdaway, R.N.; McPhee, R.P.; Schwarzhans, W.W.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Rust, S.; Macadie, I. (2009). Phylum Chordata: lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. pp. 431-554. [details]

additional source McEachran, J. D. (2009). Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]

additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2018). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. , available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details]

additional source McEachran, J. D. (2009). Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]

additional source King, C.M.; Roberts, C.D.; Bell, B.D.; Fordyce, R.E.; Nicoll, R.S.; Worthy, T.H.; Paulin, C.D.; Hitchmough, R.A.; Keyes, I.W.; Baker, A.N.; Stewart, A.L.; Hiller, N.; McDowall, R.M.; Holdaway, R.N.; McPhee, R.P.; Schwarzhans, W.W.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Rust, S.; Macadie, I. (2009). Phylum Chordata: lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals. in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. pp. 431-554. [details]

context source (Bermuda) Smith-Vaniz, W. F.; Collette, B. B.; Luckhurst, B. E (1999). Fishes of Bermuda: History, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys(American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists – Special Publication No.4). ASIH, 424 pp. [details]

additional source Pennant, T. (1776). British zoology. 4th Edition. London. Vol. 3: Class III. Reptiles. Class IV. Fish. Benjamin White, London. v. 3: 1-425, Pls. 1-73. [Fishes, p. 41-46, 75-409, pls. 8-73.]., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6521 [details]

ecology source Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H.L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéque, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C.W.; Mooney, T.A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L.K.; Rice, A.N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Sprie, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M.J.G. Underwater Soniferous Behavior Trait Provided in the World Register of Marine Species. (In preparation). [details]